Israel
Census-based NLSA established in 2002.
Conceived as a low-stakes assessment, the test has de facto acquired higher stakes as school and neighborhood comparisons have become commonplace.
The frequency of the tests was reduced after the establishment of an independent evaluation agency in 2005 – so that schools were to be externally tested in each subject once every 4 years.
Palestine
Sample-based NLSA administered on a biennial basis.
Formally established in 2008.
Monitoring purposes. No stakes are attached to results.